Challanges and Implementation of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Developing Countries

The concept of universal health coverage is quite simple – that people can easily access the health services they need, without suffering financial hardship when paying for them to secure poor from crossing the poverty line.

The year 2021 indicated at its closure that only 36% of the world have adopted Universal Health Coverage totally or partially. It is estimated that more than half the world still lacks access to essential health services, and that’s why today Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is so important. That is Why UHC is vital to fight extreme poverty?  besides following chanllanges.

Challanges

1. High maternal and child mortality rates
2. Increasing double burden of communicable and non communicable diseases.
3. Poorly funded and poorly governed health system.
4. Lack of accountability and corruption.
5. Low health literacy rates.
6. Ongoing challenges
1. Terrorism
2. Susceptibility to natural disasters like floods and earthquakes.
3. Spending less of GDP on healthcare services will results in majority of population spending out of their own scare resources and ultimately will cross the poverty line.

Implementation 

The pre-requisits of implementation of UHS and health reforms are as under:

Viruses Like COVID-19 Prevention

Viruses Prevention

Immune System

It is the organs and processes of the body that provide resistance from outside invaders. These include germs such as bacteria, viruses (COVID-19 etc), and fungi, and toxins. The immune system is made up of different organs, cells, and proteins that work together.

On a daily basis, we are constantly exposed to potentially harmful microbes of all sorts. Our immune system, a network of intricate stages and pathways in the body, protects us against these harmful microbes as well as certain diseases. It recognizes foreign invaders like bacteria, viruses, and parasites and takes immediate action.

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Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention

There are several ways, you can adopt to reduce your risk of developing Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), by lowering your blood pressure and cholesterol levels.

• Eat a healthy and balanced diet

Low-fat, high-fiber diet is recommended including plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables and whole grains.

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Kidney Disease Prevention

Kidney disease is a common problem affecting about 10% of the world’s population.

The kidneys are small but powerful bean-shaped organs that perform many important functions.

They are responsible for filtering waste products, releasing hormones that regulate blood pressure, balancing fluids in the body, producing urine, and many other essential tasks.

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Cancer Prevention

Steps to Prevent Cancer

1. Don't use Tobacco.
2. Protect your skin from the sun.
3. Eat a healthy diet.
4. Maintain a healthy weight and be physically active.
5. Practice safer sex and avoid risky behavior.
6. Get immunized (HPV and Hepatitis vaccines).
7. Know your family medical history and get regular cancer screening.

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Diabetes Prevention

Changing your lifestyle could be a big step toward diabetes prevention it's never too late to start

Please Consider these tips: Read more...

 

Nutrition and Dietetics

Nutrients

Nutrition and Dietetics consider a subdiscipline of Medicine. It is a science that focuses on everything related to food and its effect on our health and overall wellbeing. These are also good precaution  of disease prevention. The main objectives of nutritionists and dietitians are to improve people’s health and help them make better dietary choices. They also help patients find out a balance between good eating habits and exercising. 

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Flow Chart of Clinical Process for development of database

Screen Shots Post

Steps on Page

Video Link

Flow Charts of Clinical process and claim adjudication for the input of the digital system. The database structure of digital development depends upon these process, therefore, the understanding of which is very essential. Ream more

Mockups for Digital Development of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) System

A mockup is a great way to see how your design or development works in real-life situations and scenarios, be it on a magazine, a phone, a car or a digital system – the possibilities are limitless.

Good mockups can be hard to come by, and even harder to make on your own. This is why we’ve solved this for you with our professionally designed mockups to wow your prospective users, inspire your designers and employees, and add realism to your advertisement without incurring great costs.

Our mockups are available to allow anyone to use them right here, right now!

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Video Link

User Guidelines for Digital System of UHC

1. User Guidelines for Digital System of UHC at Health Desk Part - I Video Link https://tetraloopshealth.blogspot.com/p/1.html

2. User Guidelines for  Digital System of UHC at Health Desk Part - II Video Link https://tetraloopshealth.blogspot.com/p/1.html

3. User Guidelines for  Digital System of UHC for Medical Officer Video Link https://tetraloopshealth.blogspot.com/p/1.html

Family/Household Data

The availability of family/household data may collected by field survey in the country that may be helpful to create national database and provide bases for various  human welfare projects to the Government. Read more...

Business Rules and Lookups for UHC

Decide what will be the business rules for digital development and artificial intelligence for Universal Health Coverage.

All lookup values will be incorporated globally in the system by using the following two tables of the database. Read more...

Standards

The maintenance and assurance of equality and uniformity among all operational processes depend on setting up standards for primary, secondary, tertiary healthcare, rehabilitation, and palliative care of public and private sector service providers across the country regarding: Read more... 

Health Promotion Model

The health promotion model must focus to educate and explain all those factors and tools that can be helpful in disease prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care. Basically, the health promotion model is the answer to who, what, and how. Read more...

 

Treatment, Rehabilitation, and Palliative Care

Every patient should get healthcare under the UHC scheme covering primary, secondary, tertiary healthcare, rehabilitation, and palliative care equally, free or without more spending that may become a burden on savings and push them below the poverty line. Read more...

Disease Prevention for Universal Health Coverage

Disease prevention focuses on specific actions covering many social and environmental interventions to protect people’s health and provide quality of life. It minimizes the burden of diseases by taking precautions against the risk of primary and secondary diseases. In other words, it minimizes the ratio of death due to diseases.

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Health Promotion for Universal Health Coverage

Health promotion is a program of providing awareness and empowerment to the people of communities to adopt healthy behavior. It plays an active role in reducing the risk of developing chronic diseases and other morbidities defined by the World Health Organization.

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Pre-requisites of Universal Health Coverage

A country which intend to implement Universal Coverage for its people, must fulfill its Prerequisites which are as under:

• Health Product

• Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)

• Digital Development

• UHC Fund

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Sustainable Capacity Building for Universal Health Coverage - UHC

Executive Summary

Why UHC is vital to fight extreme poverty? It is estimated that half the world still lacks access to essential health services, and that’s why today Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is so important. The concept of universal health coverage is quite simple – that people can easily access the health services they need, without suffering financial hardship when paying for them to secure poor from crossing the poverty line.

The year 2021 indicated at its closure that only 36% of the world have adopted Universal Health Coverage totally or partially.

This percentage is alarming and demanding to do more. Here are the answers to how and what. Capacity building of a country for adoption of UHC leads towards the achievement of the target up to 2030. A country must first comply with the fulfillment of Universal Health coverage prerequisites[1] such as the development of health products, development of new system and concrete reforms in the already developed health system, accessibility of the health system, assure strict implementation of set standards and procedures in the health system, eradicate VIP and VVIP culture, Develop standard KPI (Key Performance Indicator) of measurement for monitoring and evaluation, Cross Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) of the health system, Development of the M & E Department across the country for the health system, development of a standard price catalog or Rate List of each procedure, treatment, or service, digital developments and artificial intelligence along with Role-Based Access Control, the budgetary structure for development and operation, health media campaign, development of rehabilitation and palliative care centers, constitutional law for the sustainability of UHC.

More detail

1. Home
2. Overview
3. Prerequisites
4. Health Promotion
5. Disease Prevention
6. Treatment, Rehabilitation, and Palliative Care
7. Health Promotion Model
8. Standards
9. Business Rules
10. Family/Household Data
11. Flow Chart of Clinical Process
12. Complaint Management System
13. Self Assessment Empanelment Evaluation Criteria Process
14. Management Information System (MIS)
15. Health Education
16. Fresh and Safe Foods
17. Toxicological Hazards

References

1. Universal health coverage
2. List of countries with UHC
3. List of countries with universal health care
4. Developing countries
5. Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs)
6. An effective tool for global health
7. What is health promotion?
8. Health Promotion in developing countries
9. Dutch Cycling
10. Health promotion and prevention
11. Health promotion and disease prevention
12. Health promotion and its challenges to public health
13. Health complaint management system
14. Hospital Empanelment mechanism
15. Hospital empanelment evaluation criteria